Optimization and Control Seminar, Spring 2009

Thursday, April 2, 2009, 12:00-1:00 pm SOND 406
Convexification and Robustification in Data Fitting
- Dr. James T.-H. Lo
Abstract: Two theorems will be discussed concerning the use of a type of risk-averting error (RAE) criterion for fitting parametric or nonparametric models to data. Theorem 1 states that the convexity region of the RAE criterion expands monotonically as its risk-sensitivity index $B&K(B increases. Theorem 2 states that as $B&K(B increases to infinity, the RAE criterion approaches the minimax error criterion. The RAE criterion is easily seen to converge to the mean squared error (MSE) criterion as its $B&K(B goes to zero. Theorem 1 suggests that the RAE criterion can be used to convexify the MSE criterion to avoid poor local minima. By increasing $B&K(B gradually, tunnels (or worm holes) are created for a local-search minimization procedure (e.g., quasi-Newton and conjugate gradient) to travel through to a better and better local minimum. The minimax error criterion is widely used for robustifying system identifiers, controllers and filters. It comes from the game theory and is known to be too pessimistic in most applications. Moreover, it is difficulty to use. Theorem 2 shows that the RAE criterion with a very large $B&K(B acts like the minimax error criterion, but is easier to use. More important, the RAE criterion induces a continuous range of robustness indexed by $B&K(B ranging from 0 to $B!g(B. The induced range of robustness ranges from the MSE (or zero) robustness at one end to the minimax (or infinite) robustness at the other end. Depending on the application, a suitable degree of robustness can be selected.
 
Thursday, April 9, 2009, 12:00-1:00 SOND 406
A Gershgorin type theorem, spectral inequalities, and simultaneous stability in Euclidean Jordan algebras
- Melania Moldovan
Abstract: For complex square matrices, the Levy-Desplanques theorem asserts that a strictly diagonally dominant matrix is invertible. The well-known Gershgorin theorem on the location of eigenvalues is equivalent to this. In the first part of the talk, we present an extension of the Levy-Desplanques theorem to an object in a Euclidean Jordan algebra. As a consequence, we prove a Gershgorin type theorem for the spectral eigenvalues of an object in a Euclidean Jordan algebra. In matrix theory, the well known Cauchy's interlacing theorem states that if a row-column pair is deleted from a real symmetric matrix, then the eigenvalues of the resulting principal matrix interlace those of the original one. This result was generalized recently to the setting of simple Euclidean Jordan algebras by Gowda and Tao. In the second part of the talk, we present some consequences of this generalization and prove the dual form of the min-max theorem of Hirzebruch. Using duality and complementarity ideas, and {\bf Z}-transformations, in the third part of the talk, we discuss ways of describing simultaneous stability of linear transformations on Hilbert spaces. As a consequence, we discuss the existence of common linear/quadratic Lyapunov functions for switched linear systems. In particular, we extend a recent result of Mason-Shorten on positive switched system with two constituent linear time-invariant systems to an arbitrary finite system.
 
Thursday, April 23, 2009, 12:00-1:00 SOND 406
A homogeneous model for monotone mixed linear complementarity problems
- Cosmin Petra
Abstract: In optimization, a homogeneous model is an artificial transformation of a given problem. The transformation is done such that the homogeneous problem has always a solution even if the original problem does not. Moreover, without having any assumption on the feasibility of the original problem, the homogeneous model is able to provide the solution if it exists, or a certificate of infeasibility otherwise. In this work we introduce a homogeneous model for mixed linear complementarity problems which represent a generalization of the standard linear complementarity problems. We also show that the homogeneous problem can be efficiently solved using interior-point path-following methods.
 
Friday, May 1, 2009, 12:00-1:00 MP 401
Hybrid inclusions: modeling and analysis of dynamical systems with continuous-time and discrete-time features
- Dr. Rafal Goebel
Abstract: Various dynamical systems exhibit behaviors usually attributed to continuous-time systems and behaviors usually attributed to discrete-time systems. For example, currents in a circuit can change continuously, according to Kirchoff's laws, and instantly, due to switches opening and closing. Similarly, control algorithms designed for continuous-time control systems may involve timers that are reset, modes of operation that switch from one to another, etc. Hybrid inclusions provide a simple framework for modeling and analysis of such systems, through a combination of differential inclusions, difference inclusions, and constraints on the motions resulting from these inclusions. After motivating examples and an overview of some other mathematical approaches to dynamical systems that combine continuous-time and discrete-time dynamics, the talk will present the framework of and basic results for differential inclusions. The use of generalized time domains for the parameterization of solutions to differential inclusions will be motivated. Elements of asymptotic stability theory for differential inclusions will be presented. In particular, a technique of approximating a hybrid inclusion with a simpler one, far generalizing the concept of linearization, will be described. Then, asymptotic stability for a hybrid inclusion will be deduced from asymptotic stability for the approximation.
 
Thursday, May 7, 2009, 12:00-1:00 SOND 406
Infeasible high-order interior-point methods for linear complementarity problems
- Adrian Vancea
Abstract: We present three high order infeasible interior point algorithms for sufficient linear complementarity problems. The first one is a corrector-predictor one, which acts in the small neighborhood of the central path and doesn't depend on the handicap \kappa of the LCP. It is globally convergent for general positive starting points and it has O((1+\kappa)\sqrt{n}L)-iteration complexity for feasible or "almost feasible" starting points and O((1+\kappa)^2nL)-iteration complexity for "sufficiently large" infeasible starting points. The second and the third algorithm, both act in the wide and symmetric neighborhood of the central path. The second is a predictor-corrector one which depends on the handicap \kappa of the LCP, but we have a version of it which doesn't depend on the handicap. The third is a corrector-predictor one which doesn't depend on \kappa. Both algorithms have the best known iteration complexity. We also mention that all these algorithms are superlinearly convergent even in the absence of strict complementarity.
 

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